Glossary
5th Amendment-
an amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1791 as part of the Bill of Rights,
providing chiefly that no person be required to testify
against himself or herself in a criminal case and that no person
be subjected to a second trial for an offense for
which he or she has been duly tried previously.
14th Amendment-
an amendment to the U.S. Constitution,
ratified in 1868, defining national citizenship and forbidding
the states to restrict the basic rights of citizens or other persons.
amendment-
a change made by correction, addition, or deletion;
an alteration of or addition to a motion, bill, constitution,etc.
attorney (counsel)-
a lawyer or an agent
Bill of Rights-
a formal statement of the basic rights of the people of the United States,
incorporated in the Constitution as
Amendments 1–10, and in all state constitutions
compensated-
to counterbalance; offset
constitution (Constitution of the United States)-
the fundamental or organic law of the U.S., framed in 1787 by
the Constitutional Convention. It went into effect March 4, 1789
double jeopardy-
the subjecting of a person to a second trial or punishment for
the same offense for which the person has already been tried or punished
Due Process-
the regular administration of the law,
according to which no citizen may be denied his or her
legal rights and all laws must conform to fundamental,
accepted legal principles, as the right of the accused to confront his or her accusers
Eminent Domain-
the power of the state to take private property for
public use with payment of compensation to the owner
grand jury-
a jury, at common law, of 12 to 23 persons,
designated to inquire into alleged violations of the law in order to
ascertain whether the evidence is sufficient to warrant trial
indictment-
a formal accusation initiating a criminal case,
presented by a grand jury and usually required for felonies and other serious crimes
jury-
a group of persons sworn to render a verdict or true
answer on a question or questions officially submitted to them.
Miranda Act (Miranda Warning)-
provided to the accused suspects by police informing them of their constitutional rights before being interrogated. Miranda Rights Law falls under the category of the Bill of Rights, specifically in the 5th Amendment since 1966
prosecution-
the institution and carrying on of legal proceedings against a person
ratified-
to confirm by expressing consent, approval, or formal sanction of a document
self-incrimination (incrimination) -
the act of incriminating oneself or exposing oneself to prosecution,
esp. by giving evidence or testimony
Taking Clause-
commands that governments pay a court-determined compensation to anyone for whom they take private property
an amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1791 as part of the Bill of Rights,
providing chiefly that no person be required to testify
against himself or herself in a criminal case and that no person
be subjected to a second trial for an offense for
which he or she has been duly tried previously.
14th Amendment-
an amendment to the U.S. Constitution,
ratified in 1868, defining national citizenship and forbidding
the states to restrict the basic rights of citizens or other persons.
amendment-
a change made by correction, addition, or deletion;
an alteration of or addition to a motion, bill, constitution,etc.
attorney (counsel)-
a lawyer or an agent
Bill of Rights-
a formal statement of the basic rights of the people of the United States,
incorporated in the Constitution as
Amendments 1–10, and in all state constitutions
compensated-
to counterbalance; offset
constitution (Constitution of the United States)-
the fundamental or organic law of the U.S., framed in 1787 by
the Constitutional Convention. It went into effect March 4, 1789
double jeopardy-
the subjecting of a person to a second trial or punishment for
the same offense for which the person has already been tried or punished
Due Process-
the regular administration of the law,
according to which no citizen may be denied his or her
legal rights and all laws must conform to fundamental,
accepted legal principles, as the right of the accused to confront his or her accusers
Eminent Domain-
the power of the state to take private property for
public use with payment of compensation to the owner
grand jury-
a jury, at common law, of 12 to 23 persons,
designated to inquire into alleged violations of the law in order to
ascertain whether the evidence is sufficient to warrant trial
indictment-
a formal accusation initiating a criminal case,
presented by a grand jury and usually required for felonies and other serious crimes
jury-
a group of persons sworn to render a verdict or true
answer on a question or questions officially submitted to them.
Miranda Act (Miranda Warning)-
provided to the accused suspects by police informing them of their constitutional rights before being interrogated. Miranda Rights Law falls under the category of the Bill of Rights, specifically in the 5th Amendment since 1966
prosecution-
the institution and carrying on of legal proceedings against a person
ratified-
to confirm by expressing consent, approval, or formal sanction of a document
self-incrimination (incrimination) -
the act of incriminating oneself or exposing oneself to prosecution,
esp. by giving evidence or testimony
Taking Clause-
commands that governments pay a court-determined compensation to anyone for whom they take private property
